Tuesday, April 8, 2014

Scottish Emigration from Ulster and The Scots-Irish in the Southern United States



 Two articles here

Scottish Emigration from Ulster 
                                              (The Scots-Irish) 
                                                by Janet Cook 

                                                     and


The Scots-Irish in the Southern United States: An Overview


Some of the best resources for Scotch-Irish research are:

Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America, by David Hackett Fischer (Oxford University Press, 1989)
The Scotch-Irish, a Social History, by James G. Leyburn (University of North Carolina Press, 1962)
The Scotch-Irish, from the North of Ireland to the Making of America, by Ron Chepesiuk (McFarland & Company, 2000)

Online Resources:
GENUKI (http://www.genuki.org.uk/) This large, free site for genealogical information focuses on the United Kingdom and Ireland.



Scottish Emigration from Ulster 
(The Scots-Irish)
by Janet Cook

Scottish emigrants from Ulster, the first to leave in companies sufficiently large to form settlements entered the United States by two routes: (I) by the Delaware River through New Castle, Delaware, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and (2) at Charleston, South Carolina.

1670 (about): Colonel Ninian Beall, pioneer Scot, settled in Maryland between the Potomac and Patuxent rivers. He was joined later by about 200 of his Scottish friends.

1683: Reverend Francis Makemie of Ramelton, sent to Snow Hill, Worcester County, Maryland, by the Irish Presbytery of Logan. He is considered to have been the pioneer minister of Presbyterianism in America.

1683: Snow Hill on the eastern shore of Maryland, was the cradle of American Presbyterianism.

1684: Many "Scotch-Irish" refugees found sanctuary in East New Jersey. Later, New Jersey was to become a Presbyterian stronghold.

1684 (about): The Rehoboth Church in Maryland was organized.

1690 and before: Presbyterian settlements in Somerset County, Maryland, included Snow Hill (now in Worcester County), Pitt's Creek, Wicomico, Manokin and Rehoboth.

1690 and before: There were twelve Presbyterian churches in America. Five in Maryland at Manokin, Rehoboth, Snow Hill, Wicomico and Patuxent; two in Virginia at Accomac and Elizabeth River; two in Delaware at Lewes and New Castle; one in Pennsylvania at Philadelphia; one in New Jersey at Freehold, now Tennant; and one in South Carolina at Charleston.

1700 to 1720: Presbyterian Churches were in Delaware at Head of Christina, Drawyers, Cedar Creek, Dover, Murderkill, and White Clay Creek or Lower Brandywine. In Pennsylvania, they were located at Norriton, Great Valley, Abington, and Upper Octorara. In Maryland, south of the Pennsylvania line, they were located at Rock and Lower Octorara. In South Carolina at Cainhoy, John's Island, Edisto, Bethel and Wilton. In New Hampshire at Londonderry. In New Jersey at Hope-well, Maidenhead, Whippany, and probably Baskinridge and Bound Brook. In New York at New York City.

1700: There were repeated and large colonies of Scotch-Irish and other Presbyterians that poured into the State of North Carolina before and soon after 1700.
1700: Reverend Archibald Stobo arrived at Charleston, South Carolina, to be minister of the Scotch Presbyterian Church.

1706: The first presbytery of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America was organized.

1714 to 1720: Fifty-four vessels brought "Scotch-Irish" to Boston, Massachussetts.

1718: A great number of "Scotch-Irish" arrived in New York to settle Orange and Ulster Counties.

1718 (4 August): Five small ships bearing 120 "Scotch-Irish" families arrived at Boston, Massachusetts. Fifty of these families were to settle Worcester, Massachusetts. Others settled the towns of Pelham, Warren and Blandford in 1741.

1719: Some "Scotch-Irish" families settled Martinsburg, Berkeley County, West Virginia, and established the congregations of Falling Water and Tuscarora.
1720 and before: Scotch-Irish settled in Goshen, Orange County, New York. Later, about four families from the north of Ireland settled along the Wallkill River in Orange County and Ulster County, NewYork.


1720 to 1730: Many Scotch-Irish settled in southeastern Pennsylvania near the Maryland border in Cecil County, Maryland, and in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in the townships of East and West Nottingham. In New Castle County, Delaware, hundreds settled in the towns of Mill Creek and White Clay. Other settlements wee made in Chester County, Lancaster County and part of present-day Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.

1723: "Scotch-Irish" settled in Voluntown (now Stirling, Windham County), Connecticut. They came from Massachusetts and New Jersey settlements.
1728: James Oglethorpe settled a colony of "Scotch-Irish" on the Altamaha River in Georgia. The settlement first was called New Inverness. Now it is Darien, Mclntosh County, Georgia.

1729 to 1783: Largest settlement of "Scotch-Irish" Highlanders in North Carolina along the Cape Fear River, then Bladen County, now Cumberland County, North Carolina.

1730 and before: Large settlement of "Scotch-Irish" in townships of Colerain, Pequea and Leacock in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

1732: James Pringle and other Irish Protestants from Ulster were granted a township twenty miles square called Williamsburg, to include the village of Kingstree, Williamsburg County, South Carolina.

1734: Williamsburg on the Black River and Camden on the Wateree River were settled predominantly by the Irish.

1734: Samuel Waldo of Massachusetts and others settled Warren, Knox County, Maine. This group was originally from the North of Ireland.

1736 (about): A colony of Presbyterians introduced into North Carolina from Ulster, Ireland. They went into Bladen and Duplin Counties. Descendants are now in Sampson, New Hanover and Duplin Counties.

1736 (about): A group of Presbyterians composed of "Scotch-Highlanders" began settlements that occupied most of Cumberland County, North Carolina, of that time.

1736: Henry McCullock introduced a colony from Ulster, Ireland, to settle his grant in Duplin County, North Carolina. The congregations of Goshen and the Grove started.

1736: In Duplin County, North Carolina, Henry McCullock settled 4,000 of his countrymen from Ireland on a tract of 64,000 acres.

1737 (about): Captain Lauchlin Campbell of Islay, a Highland soldier, visited America and was encouraged to settle here. After some difficulties with the officials, he settled the present town of Argyle, Washington County, New York.

1738: John Lindsay and others obtained a land grant in Cherry Valley, Otsego County, New York. Some settlers arrived here from Londonderry, New Hampshire, from Scotland and from Ulster, Ireland
.
1738: Pelham, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, was settled by Presbyterians. Also, Coteraine, Franklin County, Massachusetts and Olsego Co., New York.

1740: Western (now Warren) Worcester County, Massachusetts and Blanford, Hampden County, Massachusetts were incorporated by Presbyterian settlers.

1740: Glen Township, Montgomery County, New York, was settled by sixteen families from Ireland.
These same families were forced to leave later.

1740 (about): "Scotch-Irish" started to settle in North Carolina in the counties of Granville, Orange, Rowan, Mecklenburg, Guilford, Davidson and Cabarrus.

1742: Monroe Township, Orange County, New York, was settled by Scotch-Irish families.


1745: Cape Fear country in North Carolina received many settlers. A number of ship loads arrived at Wilmington, North Carolina. Fayetteville, Cumberland County was a center of activity.


1749: Neil McNeill, a native of Argyleshire, Scotland, was a settler in the area of present-day Fayetteville, (Campbelton) Cumberland County, North Carolina. He was instrumental later in bringing 300 immigrants into Brunswick, Bladen, Cumberland and Harnett Counties, North Carolina.

1751 (about): Large immigration of "Scotch-Irish" from Pennsylvania into the counties of Lancaster, York, Chester, Fairfield, Union, Newberry, Abbeville and Edgefield Counties, South Carolia. Others settled Spartanburg.

1758: Benjamin Miller, minister at Scotch Plains in New Jersey, followed a colony from New Jersey to the Yadkin River in North Carolina.

1755: A Presbyterian congregation from The Cowpasture River in present Bath County, Virginia, settled what was known as the Centre Congregation in Iredell County, North Carolina. Their pastor was Alexander Craighead.

1755 (about): The reverend Alexander Craighead settled on the Rocky River in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. He organized later the congregation of Sugar Creek, a mother congregation of several Presbyterian churches in that area.

1761: Scottish immigrants came to Cambridge township, Washington County, New York, from the "Scotch-Irish" settlements of Coleraine and Pelham in Massachusetts.

1761: 200 Irish immigrants settled Nova Scotia; the town of Londonderry and the county of Dublin were named by them.

1764 (2 March): Alexander McNaughton and 106 others from the original Capt. Campbell group of immigrants received grants to settle in what later came to be known as townships of Greenwick and a part of the township of Fort Edward, Washington County, New York.

1764 (July): "Scotch-Irish" from Monaghan and Ballebay, Ireland, settled Salem in Washington County, New York. A part of 300 families remained in Stillwater, Saratoga County, New York. Others went to South Carolina.

1765: Reverend Thomas Clark, a Presbyterian, bought land in Salem Township, Washington County, New York for himself and the congregation of three hundred who had immigrated from Ballybay, County of Monaghan, Ireland. The group went to Stillwater, Saratoga County, temporarily, and then a part of the congregation went to Abbeville District, South Carolina and a majority settled at Salem Township, Washington County, New York.

1769 and later: southwestern Pennsylvania was settled rapidly by immigrants from east of the Allegheny Mountains. This area, to include the counties of Bedford, Somerset, Fayette, Westmorland, Allegheny, Washington and Greene, was predominantly "Scotch-Irish."

1770: Balliston Township, Saratoga County, New York, was settled by a Presbyterian minister and some of his congregation who had removed there from Bedford (probably Westchester County), New York. Stillwater Township, in Saratoga County, New York received many settlers from the vicinity of Litchfield, Connecticut
.
1771: Harpersfield Township, Orange County, New York, was settled by "Scotch-Irish" who were probably direct from Ireland. Kortright and Bovina Townships in the same county were settled later by "Scotch-Irish".

Wilderness Road
1774 and before: Other "Scotch-Irish" settlements in South Carolina before 1774 included Black Mingo and Indiantown in Williamsburg District; Stoney Creek and Salem in Clarendon District; Waccamau in Horry District; Saltketcher in Colleton District; Beaufort in Beaufort District and Aimwell in Marion District. The greater part of the "Scotch-Irish" in South Carolina that settled the back country came from the Great Valley and the North. Those that settled on the tidewater areas came directly from Scotland or Ireland.

1778: About 400 persons from the Scottish Highlands (Roman Catholic Faith) arrived to settle in Johnston (present-day Fulton County), New York They were from the districts of Glengarry, Clenmorison, Urquart and Strathglass in Scotland. After the Revolutionary War many of this group were granted lands in Canada in the province of Quebec.

1801: In New England in this year a plan of union and mutual assistance was entered into by the Congregational and Presbyterian Churches. Through this plan Presbyterians might serve some Congregational Churches and vice versa. Under this plan, Congregationalists going West or South usually went to Presbyterian Churches.

1 comment:

  1. The Scots-Irish in the Southern United States one of the fine migration for Irish citizens. its look past and geographical migration for people of Europe.
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